Taeho Lee*,**, Dawoon Jung*,**, Hyeonjae Park*,**, Seungchan Cho*, Sang-Bok Lee*, Sang-Kwan Lee*, Yangdo Kim**, Junghwan Kim*†
*Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, Korea
**School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
이태호*,** · 정다운*,** · 박현재*,** · 조승찬* · 이상복* · 이상관* · 김양도** · 김정환*†
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In this study, cubic boron nitride (cBN) reinforced pure magnesium (Mg) matrix composites with a target reinforcement content of 60 vol.% were fabricated by a liquid pressing process using cBN particles with average size of 5, 15, 40, 100, and 300 μm, and the effects of reinforcement particle size on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal properties were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that cBN particles were relatively uniformly distributed in the Mg matrix for all specimens, and no coarse pores or distinct interfacial reaction phases were observed. The measured densities ranged from 2.704–2.787 g/cm3, and the back-calculated cBN volume fractions were 56–61 vol.%, indicating that dense composites close to the target composition were successfully fabricated. Tensile testing showed that the tensile strength increased with decreasing cBN particle size, reaching a maximum value of 247 MPa for the 5 μm specimen, while the 300 μm specimen exhibited the lowest value of 86.2 MPa. In contrast, the thermal conductivity increased with increasing particle size, showing values of 164, 209, 224, 288, and 298 W/(m·K) for the 5, 15, 40, 100, and 300 μm specimens, respectively. Thermomechanical analysis further showed that the linear coefficients of thermal expansion of the 40 and 100 μm specimens, calculated from the average slope in the range of 0°C–80°C, were 6.70 × 10-6 K-1 and 8.02 × 10-6 K-1, respectively. These results indicate that fine cBN particles are advantageous for improving tensile strength and inhibiting thermal expansion because of the increased interfacial area and enhanced constraint effect on the Mg matrix, whereas coarse cBN particles are beneficial for thermal conduction due to reduced cumulative interfacial thermal resistance. Therefore, the cBN particle size is a key factor governing the trade-off between mechanical and thermal properties in high-volume-fraction cBN/Mg composites.
본 연구에서는 액상가압공정을 이용하여 순수 마그네슘(Pure Mg) 기지에 평균 입자 크기 5, 15, 40, 100 및 300 μm의 입방정 질화붕소(cBN)을 목표 체적률 60 vol.%로 첨가한 복합소재를 제조하고, 강화재 입자 크기가 미세조직, 기계적 특성 및 열적 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 주사전자현미경 관찰 결과, 모든 시편에서 cBN 입자가 기지 내에 비교적 균일하게 분산되어 있었으며, 조대한 기공이나 뚜렷한 계면 반응상은 관찰되지 않았다. 복합소재의 밀도는 2.704–2.787 g/cm3 범위로 측정되었고, 역산된 cBN 체적률은 56–61 vol.%로 나타나 목표 조성에 근접한 치밀한 복합소재가 제조되었음을 확인하였다. 인장시험 결과, 인장강도는 입자 크기가 감소할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 5 μm 시편에서 247 MPa의 최대값을, 300 μm 시편에서 86.2 MPa의 최소값을 나타내었다. 반면 열전도도는 입자 크기가 증가할수록 향상되어 5, 15, 40, 100 및 300 μm 시편에서 각각 164, 209, 224, 288 및 298 W/(m·K)를 나타내었다. 또한 열기계분석 결과, 0oC–80oC 구간에서 산출된 선형 열팽창계수는 40 μm 및 100 μm 시편에서 각각 6.70 × 10-6 K-1 및 8.02 × 10-6 K-1로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 미세한 cBN 입자가 증가된 계면 면적을 통해 하중 전달과 기지 변형 구속에는 유리하게 작용하는 반면, 조대한 cBN 입자는 계면 열저항을 감소시켜 열전달에는 유리하게 작용함을 의미한다. 따라서 고체적률 cBN/Mg 복합소재에서 강화재 입자 크기는 인장강도와 열전도도 사이의 상충관계를 결정하는 핵심 인자이다.
Keywords: 마그네슘 복합재료(Magnesium matrix composites), 입방정 질화붕소(Cubic-boron nitride), 인장강도(Tensile strength), 열전도도(Thermal conductivity), 열팽창계수(Coefficient of thermal expansion)
This Article2026; 39(4): 353-359
Published on Aug 31, 2026
Correspondence toComposites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, Korea